“碰瓷”
staged crash fraud
 

针对人民群众反映强烈的“碰瓷”现象，最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、公安部近日联合印发《关于依法办理“碰瓷”违法犯罪案件的指导意见》，全面加强对此类违法犯罪行为的打击力度。


2020年10月7日，安徽省滁州市高速路上的车流 图源：中国日报

The guideline identifies and specifies several illegal acts, such as deliberately crashing a car to claim compensation, and their corresponding punishments. 6park.com
指导意见针对“碰瓷”手法多样的情况，进一步明确案件的定性和处罚。
 

单词讲解 6park.com
这里用deliberately crashing a car to claim compensation来表示“碰瓷”，其实是用了解释说明的办法，即“故意撞车以索要赔偿”，更简洁的表达可以是“staged crash fraud”或“staged (auto) accident fraud”。 6park.com
我们都知道stage作为名词有“舞台”的意思，用作动词的时候stage也可以表示“（为了吸引公众注意而）安排、组织（某件事）”，所以，staged crash/accident都是“刻意制造出来的车祸（意外）”，而最后的fraud正是组织这件事的目的。


电影《西红柿首富》剧照

指导意见明确： 6park.com
Acts of fabricating facts, concealing truths and swindling compensation, that meet the relating provisions of the Criminal Law, shall be convicted and punished as the crime of fraud, according to the guideline. 6park.com
虚构事实、隐瞒真相，骗取赔偿，符合刑法有关规定的，以诈骗罪定罪处罚。 6park.com
Malicious behavior, including fabricating facts about the infringement of personal or property rights and interests as well as bringing a civil lawsuit on the grounds of a fake civil dispute, shall be punished as the offense of false charges if meeting the relating provisions of the Criminal Law, it adds. 6park.com
捏造人身、财产权益受到侵害的事实，虚构民事纠纷，提起民事诉讼，符合刑法有关规定的，以虚假诉讼罪定罪处罚。 6park.com
The guideline also stipulates that whoever deliberately causes a traffic accident and blackmails the victim utilizing the victim's violation of provisions on road passage, which meets the relating provisions of the Criminal Law, shall be punished as the crime of extortion by blackmail. 6park.com
“碰瓷”团伙若故意制造交通事故进而利用被害人违反道路通行规定等相要挟的，符合刑法有关规定的，以敲诈勒索罪定罪处罚。
 

单词讲解 6park.com
这里表达“敲诈勒索”时用到了两个词：extortion和blackmail。 6park.com
我们先说大家更熟悉的blackmail，这个词强调的是“对方手里有受害人的某种把柄，并以此为要挟，要求受害人支付钱财”，所以我们通常翻译为“勒索”。 6park.com
Extortion适用的范围要比blackmail更广，除了用黑料要挟受害人以外，还包括用暴力、恐吓、损坏财物等手段威胁受害人，以得到财物，所以，extortion在法律领域通常翻译为“恐吓取财”。 6park.com
A relatively stable criminal organization formed by three or more persons for committing such blackmail-related crimes jointly should be considered as a criminal group, it said, noting that those in conformity with the identification standard of gang crimes should be investigated, prosecuted and tried accordingly. 6park.com
三人以上为共同故意实施“碰瓷”犯罪而组成的较为固定的犯罪组织，应当认定为犯罪集团。符合黑恶势力认定标准的，应当按照黑社会性质组织、恶势力或者恶势力犯罪集团侦查、起诉、审判。
 

Notes
 
■ “碰瓷” staged crash fraud 6park.com
■ 扫黑除恶 battles against gang crimes 6park.com
■ 平安中国 Peaceful China initiative 6park.com
■ 第三方责任险 third party liability insurance 6park.com
■ 交通事故责任强制保险 mandatory liability insurance for traffic accidents of motor vehicles 6park.com
■ 保险诈骗 insurance fraud