世卫组织宣布:将猴痘改名为“Mpox”
世卫组织11月28日发表声明,建议将猴痘的英文名由“monkeypox”改为“mpox”(M痘),以避免种族歧视和污名化,过渡期为一年。 6park.com To avoid racist stereotypes and stigmatization, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended on Monday that the monkeypox virus be renamed "mpox."
世界卫生组织网站截图
世界卫生组织称:“在与全球专家进行一系列磋商后,世卫组织将开始使用一个新的名称‘mpox’作为猴痘的同义词。这两个名称将同时使用一年,随后逐步淘汰‘monkeypox’一词。” 6park.com Both names — mpox and monkeypox — will be used simultaneously for one year while the latter is phased out, the WHO said in a press release.
▪ phase out:使逐步淘汰
图源:视觉中国
据介绍,猴痘病毒于1958年首次发现时被命名。最初在人身上发现这种疾病是在1970年的刚果民主共和国,此后人传人病例主要局限在某些西部与中部非洲国家,属于地方性流行病。 6park.com Monkeypox, discovered in 1958 and named after the first animal to show symptoms, mostly spread in a group of countries in west and central Africa until this year. 6park.com但今年5月,在欧洲、美洲、西太平洋等以前从未发现过猴痘病毒的地区,多国发生了猴痘疫情。
美国猴痘疫苗接种现场 图源:新华社
7月,世卫组织正式宣布非洲传统流行区以外的多国猴痘疫情为国际关注的公共卫生紧急情况(PHEIC),这是世卫组织目前可以发布的最高级别警报。 6park.com In July, the WHO officially declared the multi-country monkeypox outbreak outside of the traditional endemic areas in Africa a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC), the highest level of alert that the global health authority can issue. 6park.com截至11月28日,110个国家和地区已向世卫组织报告了81107例确诊病例和55例死亡病例。 6park.comAccording to the WHO, as of Saturday, 110 member states had reported 81,107 laboratory confirmed cases and 1,526 probable cases, including 55 deaths. 6park.com据美国政治新闻网(Politico)此前报道,美国白宫高级官员曾敦促世卫组织更改名称,指责“猴痘”(monkeypox)一词“对有色人种进行了无端的侮辱”,声称要在未经世卫组织批准的情况下采用新名称。 6park.com今年6月,30多名国际医学专家也曾发表联名信,提出全球猴痘的起源未知,不应对其使用地理标签,“猴痘”之名有将其与非洲、西非或尼日利亚联系起来的嫌疑,可能助长与非洲有关的种族主义刻板印象。 6park.com世卫组织称其有责任通过包括世卫组织成员国在内的协商进程,为新的和现有的疾病命名。来自45个不同国家政府部门的代表参加了关于猴痘的磋商。 6park.comIt is the WHO's responsibility to assign names to new and existing diseases through a consultative process, which includes the WHO member states. The consultation on monkeypox has involved representatives from government authorities of 45 different countries, it said.
瑞士日内瓦世界卫生组织总部 图源:新华社
世卫组织鼓励各国遵循名称更替的建议,尽量减少使用“Monkeypox”,以降低这一名称的负面影响。 6park.com WHO will adopt the term mpox in its communications, and encourages others to follow these recommendations, to minimize any ongoing negative impact of the current name and from adoption of the new name.
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